proliferation of malignant blast cells.
Malignancy of blood-forming tissue, typically the white blood cells.
From Greek: “leuk” = white “emia” = blood
“Blast”refers to a malignant leukemia cell
However, normal bone marrow can have a few normal blasts that are not malignant.
- Under 5% blasts can be normal
- Leukemia has by definition > 25% blasts at diagnosis.
The diagram below shows the normal development of the different blood cell lines from bone marrow stem cells:
Blasts in leukemia:
- Fail to mature but keep replicating and dividing
- Crowd out the normal cells
- Appear “Monomorphic” - all cells look similar
Bone marrow aspirate in ALL (the purple cells are leukemic blast cells):
http://www.pedsoncologyeducation.com/braintumor_etiology.asp
Pediatric Oncology Education Materials
The etiology of pediatric brain tumors remains largely unknown. Less than 5% can be attributed to a genetic predisposition, and even fewer are linked to ionizing radiation or other environmental factors. For most patients, no predisposing factors are a
www.pedsoncologyeducation.com
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